【编者按】2025年是中国东谈主民抗日干戈暨天下反法西斯干戈得手80周年。在这场关乎民族存续的干戈中，来自五洲四海的海外友东谈主，不畏艰险远渡重洋，以医疗支撑、战地报谈、时刻援救等多种口头投身这场民族开脱功绩。大路不孤，白求恩医师的手术刀、斯诺的新闻笔、拉贝的安全区等齐是向上国界的人命图章。《江山故东谈主远谈来》海传说播系列报谈，以中英双语视频集结AI动画时刻再现历史细节，问候向上国界的信念之光。
【Editor's Note】
2025 marks the 80th anniversary of the victory of the Chinese People's War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression and the World Anti-Fascist War. In this war that concerned the survival of the nation, international friends from all over the world braved dangers and crossed the seas to join the cause of national liberation in various forms such as medical aid, war reporting, and technical support. The path of righteousness is not lonely. Dr. Bethune's scalpel, Snow's journalistic pen, and Rabe's safety zone are all life marks that transcend national borders. The international communication series “From Afar Came the Unforgotten“ uses bilingual Chinese-English videos combined with AI animation technology to reproduce historical details and pay tribute to the light of belief that transcends national borders.
1939年秋，长江万州段海潮翻涌。在其上空中，一架遭到重创的苏联轰炸机如折翼之鹰剧烈动荡。机舱内，大队长库里申科前襟尽染鲜血，左肩的弹孔剧痛钻心。下方，是密集的万县住户区与滔滔江流。存一火刹那，他猛推主管杆，飞机大肆降落在晴朗江面，在巨洪水花中沉稳迫降。飞机入水时，库里申科用尽临了力气呐喊同机的轰炸员和机枪手脱掉遨游服游向江边，并细心吩咐：“记取两岸特征……翌日，打捞飞机！”
这一千里，库里申科36岁的人命耐久融入了长江，而他的抉择，为机构成员换得盼望，更护佑了眼下万千素昧平生的中国匹夫。
战火中的援华“飞鹰”
抗日干戈爆发时，中国空军遨游员和作战飞机的数目远少于日本，两边的空兵力量极其悬殊。1937年《中苏互不侵犯合同》坚贞后，苏联驱动通过出口构兵机和派遣志愿空军补助中国抗战。在苏联援华志愿航空队匡助下，中国空军的实力大大增强。库里申科即是苏联援华志愿航空队的一员。库里申科，1903年降生于乌克兰，原苏联遨游大队长。1939年，他和考兹洛夫受苏联政府派遣，来中国补助抗日。
“日本东谈主为什么要来轰炸在大路两旁的田庐自若恬静地劳顿着的中国农民呢？“库里申科对中国东谈主民厄运情至意尽的悲悯，化为他搏击漫空的无限勇气。他肩负起培训中国遨游员的紧要任务。升起前，库里申科会为每别称中国遨游员讲清今日的遨游课目、主管尺度等，巧合为了修订偏差会贯穿带飞三四次。库里申科和战友们将一批批中国遨游员奉上蓝天，用我方的鲜血和人命保卫着中国城市的安全。
武汉上空的雷霆之战
1939年10月3日，库里申科教导9架“达莎”奇袭了被日军占领的武汉汉口机场，且毫发无损地得手返航。11天后，他再次领命出击日军在武汉的军事基地。此次轰炸蹙迫被日军称为“事变驱动以来最大的亏本”，谋略炸毁敌东谈主轰炸机66架，构兵机37架，汽油库1座，内存汽油5万加仑，弹药库4所，谋略弹药3万余箱，救火车3辆，汽车40多辆；毙敌空军少佐2名，机械师60余名，陆海官兵300余名。
库里申科遭到日军机群阻扰。激战中，他击落敌机6架。祸殃的是，他的飞机遭到重创。库里申科单机冲出重围，向驻地西返，飞临万县（今重庆万州）上空时，飞机已而失去适度，马达轰鸣如闷雷，眼看就要砸向住户区。
库里申科深知飞机是国度财产，从万里以外补充何其勤苦。为保全这架珍稀的“达莎”，更为了不伤及无辜的匹夫，库里申科不顾个东谈主抚慰，将飞机迫降在万县近郊的红砂碛江中。机组中除了库里申科由于身受重伤、膂力不支千里江溺一火，其他机组东谈主员齐在当地老匹夫的匡助下被救上岸。
鹰隼落江，信念不坠
二十多天后，库里申科的遗体在二十多里远的猫儿沱被打捞出水，安葬于万州太白岩山眼下，数千名各人前来诅咒。鄙人葬时，东谈主们只知故去的是别称遨游员，不知其名，因此只在墓上作念了一个飞机的标记。但历史并未让英名蒙尘。
1951年春天，万州东谈主民募捐数万元购买了一架飞机，定名为“库里申科”号，飞赴朝鲜前哨作战。
1958年7月7日，万州东谈主民又新建了库里申科义士墓。墓前碑文镌刻“在抗日干戈中为中国东谈主民而斗胆焚烧的苏联空军志愿队大队长格里戈利·阿基莫维奇·库里申科之墓”。
1958年国庆前夜，库里申科的老婆和犬子受邀来到中国，周总理紧捏她们的手可贵情愿：“中国东谈主民耐久不会健忘库里申科。”
江山牢记，正气长存。在四年的援华构兵中，大齐像库里申科雷同坚硬勇敢的苏联战士同悍戾的日本骚动者决死搏斗，最终献出了年青的人命。他们用我方的实质行径展现了海外共产主张精神。鹰隼落江，不落的是抗战到底的决心，不坠的是中国必胜的信念。
岁月流转，强人的航迹在历史的太空愈发昭着，那是对正义与和平的长期追寻，纵历万难，永束缚航。中国东谈主民将耐久牢记这群年青的“雄鹰”，曾在中国蓝天悲壮地飞过，以血肉之躯筑起了整个长期的空中长城。
In the autumn of 1939, the Yangtze River at Wanzhou churned with grey-green waves. High above it, a Soviet bomber, battered and trailing smoke, lurched through the sky like an eagle with broken wings. Inside the cockpit, Squadron Leader Grigory Kulishenko's uniform was dark with blood; a bullet had torn through his left shoulder, and every breath brought a stab of pain. Below him, the densely packed streets of Wanxian and the swift, cold current waited. At the brink of death, he forced the control column forward. The bomber skimmed the water, struck with a thunderous splash, and came to rest in a long, foaming slide. As the river rushed in, Kulishenko used what strength remained to order his navigator and gunner:“Take off your flight jackets—swim! Remember the landmarks on both banks… one day, we'll salvage this aircraft.“
Then the river closed over him. At thirty-six, Kulishenko's life merged forever with the Yangtze, but his choice had given his crew a chance to live and spared the countless Chinese civilians on shore.
Flying Eagles amid the Flames of War
When the Chinese People's War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression broke out, China's air force was vastly outnumbered, possessing far fewer pilots and combat aircraft than Japan, and the disparity in air power was overwhelming. After the signing of the 1937 Sino-Soviet Non-Aggression Pact, the Soviet Union began aiding China's war effort by exporting fighters and dispatching volunteer aviators. With the help of the Soviet Volunteer Group, the strength of the Chinese air force was greatly enhanced. Grigory Kulishenko was one of these Soviet volunteer pilots. Born in Ukraine in 1903, Kulishenko had been a squadron leader in the Soviet Air Force. In 1939, along with Kozlov, he was sent to China by the Soviet government to assist in the war against Japan.
“Why do the Japanese come to bomb Chinese peasants who are working peacefully and quietly in the fields along the roads?“ Kulishenko's profound empathy for the suffering of the Chinese people was transformed into boundless courage in the skies. He undertook the vital task of training Chinese pilots. Before every flight, Kulishenko explained the day's lesson, control techniques and procedures to each Chinese pilot; sometimes, to correct a deviation, he would lead the same pilot through three or four additional sorties. Together with his comrades, Kulishenko sent one group of Chinese pilots after another into the sky, defending China’s cities with his own blood and life.
The Thunder Battle over Wuhan
On 3 October 1939, Grigory Kulishenko led nine Soviet DB-3 bombers in a surprise raid on the Japanese-occupied Hankou airfield at Wuhan and returned without a single loss. Eleven days later he took off again to strike Japanese military installations in the same area. The attack was later described by the Japanese as “the greatest loss since the start of the incident.“ It destroyed 66 enemy bombers, 37 fighters, one gasoline depot holding 50,000 gallons of fuel, four ammunition dumps containing more than 30,000 crates of shells and bombs, three fire engines, and over 40 motor vehicles. Two Japanese air-force majors, more than 60 mechanics, and over 300 army and navy personnel were killed.
During the mission Kulishenko's formation was intercepted by Japanese fighters. In the fierce engagement, he personally shot down six enemy aircraft, but his own bomber was badly damaged. Flying alone out of the combat zone, he headed west toward his base. When he reached the skies over Wanxian (present-day Wanzhou, Chongqing), the plane suddenly became uncontrollable; the engines roared like muffled thunder as the aircraft plunged toward the residential quarters below.
Knowing that the bomber was irreplaceable state property, brought from thousands of kilometers away, and determined to spare the civilians on the ground, Kulishenko chose to risk his own life. He executed a forced landing on the Hongshaqi reach of the Yangtze just outside Wanxian town. The bomber settled onto the water, but Kulishenko, severely wounded and exhausted, lost consciousness and sank with the aircraft. The rest of the crew, aided by local residents, reached the riverbank and survived.
The Falcon Fell, the Faith Endures
More than twenty days later, Kulishenko’s body was recovered from Mao'ertuo, twenty li downstream, and laid to rest at the foot of Mount Taibaiyan in Wanzhou. Thousands of local people came to mourn. At the time they knew only that a pilot had died; his name was unknown, so a simple aircraft emblem was carved on the grave. Yet history did not allow his name to fade.
In the spring of 1951, the citizens of Wanzhou raised tens of thousands of yuan and purchased a combat aircraft, christening it “Kulishenko“ before sending it to the front in Korea.
On 7 July 1958, the people of Wanzhou built a new martyr's tomb for Kulishenko. Its inscription reads: “Grave of Colonel Grigory Akimovich Kulishenko, Commander of the Soviet Volunteer Air Group who heroically sacrificed his life for the Chinese people in the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression.“
On the eve of National Day 1958, Kulishenko's widow and daughter were invited to China. Premier Zhou Enlai clasped their hands and pledged solemnly: “The Chinese people will never forget Grigory Kulishenko.“
Mountains and rivers remember; his noble spirit endures. During four years of assistance to China, countless resolute and courageous Soviet airmen fought to the death against the brutal Japanese invaders, giving their young lives in the end. Their deeds embodied the spirit of international communism. The falcon fell into the river, but the will to fight on to victory never sank, and the conviction that China would prevail never wavered.
As years flow by, the hero's flight path grows ever clearer across history's sky—a timeless pursuit of justice and peace that, though tried by countless hardships, will never cease its onward course. The Chinese people will forever remember these young “falcons“ who once soared valiantly through China's skies, forging an immortal aerial shield with their flesh and blood.
（开端：央视新闻 东谈主民政协报 新华网）
无限职责室出品
规划：魏鹏 辛然
案牍：沙斯媛
翻译、配音：武玮佳
编订：马茜
想象：陈艳娇